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- Newsgroups: comp.dcom.modems
- Path: netcom.com!puma
- From: puma@netcom.com (Gary Breuckman)
- Subject: Re: Line Conditions vs Speed
- Message-ID: <pumaDpwtBC.15x@netcom.com>
- Organization: organized?? me?
- References: <31714b31.14984846@freedom.interealm.com> <4ksaav$14bm@hopi.gate.net>
- Date: Mon, 15 Apr 1996 15:21:12 GMT
- Sender: puma@netcom11.netcom.com
-
- In article <4ksaav$14bm@hopi.gate.net>, doug haire <dhaire@gate.net> wrote:
- >
- >A "line" is composed of TWO paths; the transmit and the receive; the
- >modems use each side separately. Your home line is composed of 2 wires,
- >one is called the "ring" and the other "tip" (battery and ground,
- >respectively). The modem uses each of these wires independently. But
- >that's not all. Between telephone offices (and through a number of
- >switching machines), the transmit and receive paths are fully separated
- >into 2 electrical paths.
-
-
- This is very interesting, and portions are VERY wrong.
-
- First of all, the path between you and the telco office *is* two-wire, and
- *is* called ring and tip... but... both wires are used for both the
- transmitted and received signal. Both sides of the conversation are using
- the total bandwidth of the circuit - not because they have one wire
- each to use but because the conversations can be separated by the modem by
- subtracting the transmitted signal from what is picked up on the line, to
- leave just the signal from the other end. What complicates all of this is
- ECHOES that are generated on the circuit by the various terminations and
- other circuit irregularities. The modem uses a lot of compute power and
- modern electronics to determine what these echoes are during the initial
- training of the line, and subtracts them from the signal also, with the
- appropriate time delays.
-
- Between the telco offices of each subscriber the signals from each end
- are separated and sent on separate paths. These can be digital paths
- now, but can also be a four-wire analog circuit, two in each direction.
-
- The original question was why aren't the speeds equal. Well, the circuit
- might not have the same characteristics in both directions with regard to
- levels, frequency characteristics, delays. The two modems may not be
- equal in receive or transmit capabilities, compute horsepower, etc.
- Echoes might be worse in one direction. The two modems might not LIKE
- each other.
-
- --
- puma@netcom.com
-